Unfortunately, contrary to your expectations, I couldn't find any trace of a restart in the logs. What approach can I take to resolve this issue?
That without a restart, Couatl will not steal the focus from the sim. It surely doesn't here and nobody ever reported this in a very long time. I checked it again now (not because I'm not sure, but because I always check before writing something), and I cannot replicate it.
However, your log from the restarter shows it started normally, then after less than 6 minutes you exited the sim so it also exited normally. You said the focus is lost after approaching an airport, so unless you made a flight shorter than 6 minutes, the log is not very telling about a restart on approaching the landing airport. However, if a momentarily loss of focus might happen during the restart, it will be restored back to MSFS when the restart completes.
Other than during a restart (and after that the focus will be brought back to MSFS anyway), the only time where GSX takes away the focus from the sim, is when you open one of its settings page, like the main Settings, or the airplane or airport customization page. In this case, it's normal the focus would go to the window itself.
However I verified even this case, and after the window is closed, the focus goes back to MSFS, as it should be.